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初中英语语法练习题系列(附详细答案解析)---主谓一致 类型一、语法一致 【例1】________ of the land in that district ________ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifths; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifth; is D. Two fifths; are 【答案】A 考点:考查分数及主谓一致。
【例2】Tom with his friends _____ playin g tennis very much. A. like B. likes C. liking 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:句意:汤姆和他的朋友们非常喜欢网球。本句中 描 述的是客观性事实,故用一般现在时态。主语是Tom,with引导的是伴随主语,故谓语动词用单数,选B。 【点睛】判断出主语的单复数是解答此类题型的关键,注意一些常见词在表示单复数时的习惯用法。
类型二、意义一致 【例3】--How many girls are there in your class ? -- _______ them _______ over twenty. A. A number of; are B. The number of; are C. A number of; is D. The number of; is 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:你班有多少女孩?人数是20多。A number of,一些、许多,后面的谓语用复数形式;the number of girls女孩子的人数,后面的谓语用单数形式。所以选D。 考点:考查主谓一致。 【点睛】解答此类题型关键是注意牢记一些特殊名词在表示不同意义时的不同用法。
类型三、就近原则 【例4】—What’s on the desk? —There ______ a pen, a book and two keys. A. i s B. are C. has D. have 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:There be句型表示“某地(或某时)存在有某人(或某物),而并非某地(某人、某物或某时)拥有什么东西”,句中有若干个名词作主语,动词be常与后面主语中的第一个名词在数上一致。have一般表示某人有某物。句意:桌子上有什么?——有一支钢笔,一本书和两把钥匙。第一个名词a pen表示单数含义,故选A。 【点睛】初中阶段就近原则主要考查的也就是there be句型以及几个固定句式的应用,牢记即可。
课时作业☆能力提升 1. Nobody except Lily and Lucy ______ New York for a month last year. Only they can be our guides. A. have been in B. has been in C. was in D. has been to 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:除了Lily和Lucy,没有人去年在纽约待了一个月。只有她们可以做我们的向导。Except除之外;谓语动词要与前面的主语nobody保持一致,用单数;句中有过去的时间状语last year,不能用现在完成时,用一般过去时,故选C。 考点:考查主谓一致。
2.Jim, _________his father, _________watching TV in the evening. A. like, like B. like, likes C. likes, likes D. likes, like 【答案】 B 考点:考查主谓一致及介词。 3. ---What he enjoys __________ great and interesting. ---Yes, but it’s dangerous. A. sounds B. to sound C. sounding D. is sounded 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:---他喜欢的那些什么听起来很好很有趣。---是的,但是有些危险。真正的主语是What特殊疑问词作主语按第三人称单数处理。故选A。 考点:考查主谓一致。
4. Neither my friends nor I ______ to the costume party last week. A. invite B. invited C. was invited D. were invited 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:上周我和我的朋友都没有被邀请去化妆聚会。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动结构,be done.neither …nor…连接主语时,谓 语动词和较近的主语保持一致。因为主语I 靠近系动词所以用was,故选C。 考点:考查主谓一致及被动语态。
5. ____________of the news _________written in English on the Internet. A. Three quarters, are B. Three quarters, is C. Three quarter, are D. Three quarter, is 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:句意:在因特网上新闻的四分之三是用英语写的。此题考查分数,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,如果分子超过了1,分母用序数词的复数,又因为新闻是不可数名词,故用is,根据句意,应选B。 考点:考查分数和主谓一致。
6. The first day of school, my teacher says “I” _______ a word in English. A.are B.am C.is D.be 【答案】C 考点: 考查主谓一致。
7. The number of the teachers in our school ______ over 400, and ______ of them are women teachers. A. are; two-thirds B. is; two third C. is; two thirds D. are; two-third 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:我们学校的老师的数目超过400,他们的三分之二是女老师。第一空主语是number,所以谓语动词要用单数is;第二空“三分之二”表达是two thirds,故选C。 考点:考查主谓一致和分数的表达
8. About ______ of the earth ______ covered with water, but we have less and less available fresh water. A. three-fourth, is B.three-fourths, is C. three-fourth, are D. three-fourths, ar e 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意为:地球大约四分之三被水覆盖。但是我们拥有的越来越少。分数的表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母应加“s”。根据语境,这里主语为单数概念,根据主谓一致原则,谓语动词也应用第三人称单数。故应选A。 考点:考查分数的表达及主谓一致问题。
9. Both Mark and Jim _____ very hard. They are top students. A. studied B. studies C. study D. to study 【答案】C 考点:考查主谓一致的用法。
10. Young people _______ wearing jeans ________ this . A. like, likes B. likes, likes C. likes, like D. like, like 【 答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:年轻人都喜欢穿像这一样的牛仔裤。Like 动词,喜欢;介词,像。根据语意故选D。 考点:考查主谓一致及介词。
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