【精品推荐】 提分神器--初中英语语法易错题专训 10倍速抗遗忘轻松记牢英语单词 最受欢迎的全国各大网校VIP课程 初中英语语法练习题系列(附详细答案解析)---从句1
类型一、状语从句的引导词 【例1】Don’t get off the bus ________ it has stopped. A.until B.if C.because D.though 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:公交车听了,再下车。until直到;if 如果;because因为;though虽然。Not……until直到……才,是一个固定句型,所以选A。 考点:考查连词。 【点睛】本题考查了状语从句的引导词。本题主要区分几个引导时间状语从句的引导词。正确理解各个引导词的用法是解决此类问题的关键所在。
【举一反三】 1. ---The air pollution is terrible. ---It will be worse _______ we take action to protect the environment. A. if B. unless C. until D. when 【答案】B 考点:考查状语从句的连词的用法辨析。
2. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _______ we’ve in fact had that lesson. A. until B. after C. since D. When 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意为:我们很难从生活中获取教训,直到我们确实经历过。until:直到……, after :在……之后,since:自从……以来, When:当……时候。根据语境可知,人的一生难以吸取教训的状态一直延续到真正有了教训,因此这里应用until引导时间状语从句。故应选A。 考点:考查连词的用法。
3. You will achieve nothing _____ you work hard A . unless B .when C. if D. that 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意: 你将不会获得任何东西除非你努力工作。A 除非;B 当……时候;C 如果;D 那个。结合语境故选A。 考点:考查连词。
类型二、状语从句的时态 【例2】—When shall we go and play basketball? —Not until the work _______ tomorrow. A. will finish B. have finished C. will be finished D. is finished 【答案】D 考点:考查状语从句中的动词的时态及语态。 【点睛】本题主要考查了含有状语从句的复合句的时态。我们一定要明确在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句应遵循“主将从现“的原则。
【举一反三】 1. The song reminded me of the old golden days as soon as it_______. A. played B. plays C. is played D. was played 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:一播放这首歌曲我就想起过去金色的岁月。A. played 播放,动词过去式;B. plays 播放,动词第三人称单数;C. is played 被播放,一般现在时的被动语态;D. was played被播放,一般过去时的被动语态;as soon as一……,就……。Remind of,提醒,使想起。根据对话的意思可知选D 。 考点:考查状语从句中的动词时态。
2. We will fly a kite as soon as your homework _______ A. finishes B. will be finished C. has finished D. is finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意: 你的作业一完成我们就去放风筝。As soon as一……就,引导时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时表将来,而且句子中用被动语态,故此题选D。 考点:考查状语从句中动词的时态及被动语态。
3. ---May I play soccer with Tom now, Mum? ---When all the homework ______, you may go out to play. A finish B will finish C is finished D will be finished 【答案】C 考点:状语从句中动词的时态及被动语态。
类型三、宾语从句的语序及时态 【例3】I don’t know _______. A. where can we buy the tickets B. how much it costs to fly to Shanghai C. who is he waiting for D. why was he late for school this morning 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:句意:我不知道飞到上海的费用是多少。在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序,所以选B。 考点:考查宾语从句。 【点睛】本题考查了宾语从句的语序。一定要牢记在宾语从句的位置上只能用陈述句语序,不能使用疑问句语序。同时还必须明确宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,这就是时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态。
【举一反三】 1. --- I’m afraid I can’t remember __________. --- In Beijing, I think. A. where did I first meet you B. where I first met you C. when I first met you D. why I first met you 【答案】B 考点:考查宾语从句。
2. — Do you know __________? —I’m not sure. Maybe an English teacher ? A. what the beautiful lady with glasses is B. what is the beautiful lady with glasses C. who the beautiful lady with glasses is D. who is the beautiful lady with glasses 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:---你知道那个漂亮戴眼镜的女士是干什么的吗?---我不能确定。或许她是老师。根据答语Maybe he is a teacher可知前面是在谈论职业,该用疑问词what。所选句子处在宾语从句的位置上,只能用陈述句语序,不能用疑问句语序,所影响A。 考点:考查宾语从句语序。
3. ---Can you find out our city _________ a lot in the last few years? ---Yes. The road is wider and the buildings are taller. A. has changed B. changes C. changed D. will change 【答案】A 考点:考查宾语从句中动词时态。
类型四、定语从句的关系词的区分 【例4】When she got home, the first thing _______ she did was to clean the house. A. which B. who C. that D. what 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:当她回到家里,她做的第一件事就是打扫房子。先行词thing在定语从句中作宾语,该用关系代词that代替,所以选C。 考点:考查定语从句。 【点睛】本题考查定语从句的关系代词。这里需要搞清每个关系代词的句法作用是顺利完成此类题型的关键。who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
【举一反三】 1. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ________ he visited five years ago. A. where B. who C. that D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析:句意:昨天李明去了他五年前参观的那个村庄。句中缺定语从句的关系词,先行词是village,指物,而且关系词在从句中做宾语,故此题选C。where是关系副词,在句中做状语;who指代人,句中做主语和宾语;whom指代人,做宾语。 考点:考查定语从句。
2. The girl _____ is reading is my sister A . who B. whom C .which D. / 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意: 正在看书的那个女孩是我妹妹。句中缺的是定语从句的关系词,用来指代前面的先行词the girl,指代人,而且关系词在从句中做主语,故选A。whom指代人,在句中做宾语;which指代物。 考点:考查定语从句。
3. ---Do you know Mo Yan? --- Of course, I have read all the works of Mo Yan ________got Nobel Prize in 2012. A. which B. what C. who D. whose 【答案】C 考点:考查定语从句。
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